Eustachian tube dysfunction (ETD) occurs when the inner ear experiences a sensation of fullness or dullness. This dysfunction is linked to the eustachian tube, a narrow passage connecting the ear to the back of the nose. As an integral part of the sinuses, issues arise when mucus accumulates in the tube. The causes and symptoms of eustachian tube dysfunction are diverse.
Cause: The Common Cold
The common cold is the leading cause of eustachian tube dysfunction. During upper respiratory tract infections, thick mucus can develop and obstruct the tube. To prevent further blockage, doctors advise against sniffing in when experiencing a runny nose. Additionally, a blocked nose and thick mucus can cause swelling in the eustachian tube. When the eustachian tube is blocked by mucus, it can affect your hearing ability. These hearing difficulties may persist even after the rest of the cold symptoms have subsided, often lasting for weeks. In rare cases, the feeling of fullness in the ear can persist for several months, but this does not necessarily indicate a more serious condition.
Cause: Glue Ear
Glue ear, also known as otitis media with effusion, is a condition characterized by the accumulation of a sticky, glue-like fluid in the middle ear instead of air. This can lead to symptoms such as dulled hearing and mild pain. In the majority of cases, glue ear resolves on its own without the need for any treatment. However, in rare instances, a doctor may recommend a surgical procedure.
Glue ear is a common condition, affecting approximately 80% of children before the age of ten. Although the exact cause is still unknown, it has been observed that the development of glue ear is less likely in smoke-free households.