Diagnosis of Ascites
When it comes to diagnosing ascites, healthcare professionals rely on various methods depending on the volume of fluid accumulated in the abdominal cavity. Typically, a doctor will conduct an abdominal exam, which may be followed by an ultrasound or CT scan to gain a clearer understanding of the extent of the condition. Another diagnostic technique known as paracentesis involves the insertion of a small needle through the abdominal wall to extract fluid from the peritoneum. By conducting lab tests, medical experts can identify the specific type of infection or determine the presence of cancer, if any.
Medical Treatment
When it comes to treating ascites, individuals are typically advised to take diuretics and follow a low-sodium diet. In cases where the condition leads to additional symptoms like shortness of breath, a paracentesis procedure is commonly performed to extract the fluid from the abdominal cavity. If a doctor diagnoses or suspects spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, antibiotics may be prescribed. In more severe instances, surgery may be necessary. For ascites caused by cancer, a surgeon can implant a shunt to redirect the fluid from the abdomen into the bloodstream. In cases where other treatments prove ineffective, the patient may be considered for a liver transplant. However, if fluid buildup persists despite treatment, the individual may have refractory ascites, which carries a more negative prognosis.