Not all parts of the brain sleep simultaneously
Research indicates that during sleep, specific regions of the brain may either stay awake or enter sleep at different times. Sleepwalking, for instance, involves the activation of the brain area responsible for complex behaviors, which remains awake while the rest of the brain sleeps. As a result, individuals may engage in repetitive daily activities but are incapable of performing new tasks. The part of the brain responsible for decision-making, however, remains asleep during sleepwalking episodes.
Different Types of Sleepwalking
There are various types of sleepwalking that individuals may experience. The most common type occurs during the first third of the night in non-REM sleep. This stage of sleep is relatively light and typically does not involve dreams. Sleepwalking in this state is characterized by a certain level of wakefulness, where the person engages in regular daily activities. Another type of sleepwalking is not technically sleepwalking at all. When a person sleepwalks during REM sleep, it is classified as a REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD). In this form of “sleepwalking,” individuals usually dream and act out their dreams, even with their eyes closed. RBD can sometimes serve as an early indication of a neurodegenerative disorder such as Parkinson’s disease.
If you have a child who sleepwalks, there is usually no cause for significant concern. In most cases, children will outgrow sleepwalking episodes by the time they reach puberty.
Adult sleepwalkers are often influenced by medications, drugs, or alcohol, and may be able to establish healthy habits to prevent sleepwalking episodes. If you find that your sleepwalking is negatively impacting your daily life, it is advisable to consult a doctor for guidance.