When is a Splenectomy Considered?
When the cause of splenomegaly is unclear or requires a more aggressive approach, patients have two surgical options: partial or complete splenectomy. Opting for a partial splenectomy allows patients to retain some spleen function and reduces the risk of infection. A study conducted in May 2018 revealed that humans can maintain a strong immune response with as little as 25 to 30 percent of their spleen intact. However, in cases of chronic illnesses, a complete splenectomy may be the most suitable choice.
Living Without a Spleen: Understanding the Risks
Although the spleen plays a significant role in our body, it is not considered a vital organ. Nonetheless, it is important to be aware that living without a spleen does come with certain risks. Primarily responsible for supporting the immune system, the absence of a spleen can make individuals more susceptible to infections.
For this reason, it is crucial for people without a spleen to receive vaccinations both before and after any surgical procedures, as well as regular booster shots. The risk of developing pneumonia, meningitis, and other infections is higher for these individuals. Furthermore, it is important to note that fevers may be more severe for them and may require immediate medical attention.
Another precaution that individuals with splenomegaly or those who have had a splenectomy should take is to avoid regions where malaria is prevalent. Since their bodies are unable to effectively filter parasite-infected blood, they are at a higher risk of contracting the disease.