Confusion often arises when differentiating between anal cancer and colorectal cancer. Despite sharing a few similar symptoms, these two types of cancer originate in distinct regions of the large intestine. Anal cancer, a relatively uncommon condition, tends to affect women more frequently than men. Surprisingly, approximately 25 percent of individuals diagnosed with anal cancer do not exhibit any noticeable symptoms, whereas others may experience a variety of indications. It is important to note that in certain instances, symptoms may only manifest once the cancer has already metastasized.
Risk Factors That Increase the Chances of Developing Anal Cancer
Prior to examining the symptoms, medical professionals typically consider the risk factors linked to anal cancer. While having a human papillomavirus (HPV) infection or genital warts does increase the risk, it’s important to note that the majority of individuals with HPV do not develop anal cancer. However, the likelihood of developing anal cancer does rise for those who are over the age of 50 and those who smoke. Furthermore, there are other risk factors to be aware of, which include:
Identifying the Most Common Symptom: Bleeding
One of the primary indicators of anal cancer is minor anal bleeding, which has been reported by nearly half of individuals diagnosed with this disease. Although rectal bleeding can also be caused by hemorrhoids, in most cases, it resolves on its own without any specific treatment. However, it is important to seek medical evaluation if rectal bleeding persists for more than two to three weeks, particularly if accompanied by weight loss or anal leakage. It should be noted that while cancer may not be the cause of this symptom, other serious conditions like Crohn’s disease and ischemic colitis can also lead to rectal bleeding.