Congenital Varicella Syndrome: Risks and Consequences
During pregnancy, an unvaccinated woman is susceptible to contracting the varicella zoster virus. Particularly within the first six months of pregnancy, the risk of infection is heightened. If the infection occurs before the 28th week of pregnancy, the virus has the potential to cross the placenta and impact the developing fetus. This can lead to various congenital malformations and disorders, encompassing brain damage, inflammatory or congenital eye disorders, neurological abnormalities, and bladder dysfunction.
Neonatal Varicella: Causes, Risks, and Prevention
Neonatal varicella is a condition that occurs when a mother acquires a varicella infection within the last three weeks of her pregnancy, resulting in the transmission of the virus to the fetus through the placenta. However, neonatal varicella can also occur after birth, although the risk of congenital anomalies is lower in this scenario. Nevertheless, it is still a serious condition that requires immediate medical attention.
Studies have shown that neonatal varicella leads to death in approximately one out of every five newborn babies affected by the infection. The risk of fatality is particularly high when the infection occurs between five to 12 days after birth. However, there is some good news. Neonates born to mothers who have been vaccinated against varicella are protected from acquiring the infection, providing a valuable preventive measure.