Causes of Malnutrition in Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Malnutrition in inflammatory bowel disease is caused by several factors, including reduced appetite and inadequate nutrient absorption. These factors lead to a loss of essential nutrients in the body. Even individuals who maintain a healthy diet during periods of remission can experience dangerously low nutrient levels during a severe relapse. It is important to note that this type of malnutrition is distinct from the protein-energy deficit commonly associated with Crohn’s disease.
Anemia and Colitis
Colitis, a condition characterized by inflammation of the colon, can cause various complications, including anemia. One of the primary symptoms of colitis is bloody diarrhea, which leads to the loss of blood. This blood loss, particularly the loss of red blood cells, results in an iron deficiency, leading to anemia. Anemia is a common occurrence in individuals with irritable bowel disease.
To prevent further complications, such as lung and heart conditions like tachycardia, many people with colitis require iron supplementation. This helps to replenish the iron levels in the body and mitigate the effects of anemia caused by the condition.