In contrast to other tissues in the body, spinal discs possess a limited blood supply which restricts their ability to self-repair. As individuals grow older, the discs located in the back and neck gradually deteriorate. Although commonly referred to as degenerative disc disease, this term is somewhat misleading as it does not represent an actual disease but rather serves as a general description of the natural structural changes that take place within the spine. Consequently, some medical experts view the diagnosis of degenerative disc disease as a subject of debate.
Back Pain Intensifies When Seated
Seated individuals experience heightened pressure on the discs in their lower back, up to three times more than when standing. Typically, the back’s discs consist of a soft, gel-like nucleus pulposus on the inside, which is surrounded by a sturdier, fibrous tissue structure known as the annulus fibrosus, providing cushioning support. However, if the outer layer gets torn, the inner layer can protrude through the tear. Consequently, sitting exacerbates the pain and pressure. On the other hand, walking, running, stretching, or lying down can alleviate discomfort for some people.
Pain Aggravated by Bending, Reaching, or Twisting Movements
When the back is in a healthy state, the discs located between the vertebrae play a crucial role in maintaining height and facilitating movement. These discs serve as shock absorbers during everyday activities, effectively managing mechanical stress and enabling spinal flexibility. However, as the discs gradually deteriorate, their ability to provide cushioning protection between the vertebrae diminishes. Consequently, flexibility becomes compromised. Individuals with degenerative disc disease often experience pain when they bend forward, reach for objects on higher shelves, or engage in twisting motions.