Non-Hodgkin lymphoma is a type of cancer that originates from lymphocytes, which are white blood cells responsible for protecting the body against harmful microbes. It is one of the two main types of lymphoma, the other being Hodgkin lymphoma. Unlike Hodgkin lymphoma, there is no specific screening test for non-Hodgkin lymphoma. However, certain risk factors are associated with the development of this disease. Individuals with low immunity, such as those infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) or those taking immunosuppressant drugs, should be vigilant about the symptoms. Early detection of the tumor can lead to a faster diagnosis and more successful treatment.
Lymph Node Enlargement: A Common Symptom of Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma
Lymph node enlargement is a prevalent symptom associated with non-Hodgkin lymphoma. This occurs when lymphocytes, a type of white blood cell, rapidly multiply within the lymph node, causing it to increase in size. Individuals may notice this enlargement as a lump beneath the skin. Unlike the enlargement of lymph nodes due to infections, which often cause discomfort, lymph nodes affected by non-Hodgkin lymphoma typically do not elicit pain.
Lymph nodes are distributed throughout the body, but it is easier to detect enlargement in areas where they are closer to the surface, such as the neck and armpits. Enlarged lymph nodes can also be observed in the groin and abdomen. It is important to note that similar to most tumors, the increase in size of lymph nodes affected by non-Hodgkin lymphoma is generally not accompanied by pain.
Abdominal Symptoms of Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma
When non-Hodgkin lymphoma develops in the spleen or liver, these organs can become enlarged, leading to various abdominal symptoms. As the tumor grows, it can also cause fluid buildup, resulting in abdominal swelling and tenderness.
The increasing size of the tumor exerts pressure on nearby structures, including the stomach. This pressure can cause several discomforting symptoms such as abdominal pain, nausea, decreased appetite, and early satiety, which is feeling full or heavy after consuming a small meal.
Moreover, the heightened pressure on the intestines can result in decreased bowel movements, nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain. In some cases, this pressure can even lead to intestinal tearing.