Understanding Runny Nose
A runny nose is a common symptom that occurs when there is an excess production of mucus in the respiratory tract. Ordinarily, the respiratory tract naturally produces mucus to trap and prevent tiny particles from reaching the lungs. The mucous membrane of the respiratory tract is equipped with hair-like structures called cilia, which function like an escalator to move trapped particles out of the airway, keeping it clear.
However, in the case of a pertussis infection caused by the bacteria B. pertussis, a different scenario unfolds. When this bacteria reaches the mucous membrane, it attaches itself to the cilia of the respiratory tract and releases toxins that paralyze the cilia. Simultaneously, it induces inflammation in the mucous membrane, prompting the cells to secrete an excessive amount of mucus. As a result, a runny nose occurs as the surplus mucus is expelled from the airway.
Understanding Low-Grade Fever
When our body temperature rises above the normal range, we experience a fever. It’s important to note that each person has their own baseline body temperature, which may vary slightly from the average. A low-grade fever occurs when the body temperature increases beyond 98.6°F (37°C) but remains below 100.4°F (38°C) for a period of 24 hours.
While a low-grade fever may cause discomfort and unease, it actually serves a purpose in helping our body combat infections more effectively. Common symptoms associated with a low-grade fever include sweating, shivering, headache, muscle pain, and in some cases, a loss of appetite.