Stage One: Active Phase
The active phase of labor occurs when the cervix dilates between four and eight centimeters. During this stage, contractions typically occur approximately every three minutes, and the labor progresses at a faster pace. The duration of the active phase can vary, lasting anywhere from four to eight hours. However, for first-time mothers, it usually lasts around five hours on average. It is important to note that the active phase continues until the woman’s cervix is dilated to eight or nine centimeters.
Stage One: Transition Phase
During the final phase of stage one, known as the transition phase, the labor process slows down once again. Contractions become less frequent, occurring every few minutes, but they are more intense and last between 60 and 90 seconds. This phase typically lasts between 15 to 60 minutes.
At this stage, the mother may experience a strong urge to push, but it is important for the obstetrical team to ensure that she is fully dilated before allowing her to do so. The pressure in the lower back, rectum, or groin area becomes more intense, adding to the discomfort.
Once the cervix is completely open and dilated to 10 centimeters, the second stage of labor commences. The physician or birthing attendant informs the mother that she can start pushing. The combined effort of pushing and the force of the contractions work together to propel the baby through the birth canal and out of the vaginal opening.