Cytokines: Signaling Proteins for Immune System
Cytokines play a crucial role in the immune system by serving as small proteins that regulate immune and inflammatory responses. Additionally, they act as messengers that promote the longevity of normal cells while eliminating abnormal cells. Generally, there are two main types of cytokines: interleukins, which facilitate communication between white blood cells, and interferons, which aid in the body’s defense against cancer. While cytokines are naturally produced within the body, some are synthesized in laboratories and administered as injections to address various conditions such as malignant melanoma and specific forms of leukemias.
Immunomodulators: Enhancing the Body’s Defense System
Immunomodulators play a crucial role in the treatment of various conditions such as multiple myeloma, early-stage bladder cancer, melanoma, and other skin cancers. These remarkable therapies function by modulating the immune system, working to suppress certain proteins and amplify others. By doing so, immunomodulators effectively stimulate a targeted immune response within the body.
Among the oldest immunotherapies in medical practice today, immunomodulators can be administered through different methods. Some are injected directly into tumors, allowing for localized treatment, while others come in the form of creams that are applied directly to the skin, providing targeted relief and aiding in the healing process.