Causes: Viral
Paresthesia can be caused by certain viruses. One example is the varicella zoster virus (VZV), which resides in the nerves and can lead to shingles. Prior to the appearance of the characteristic rash, many individuals may experience a tingling sensation for a period of two to four days. Another viral cause of paresthesia is the herpes simplex virus, which is closely related to VZV and is responsible for cold sores. The tingling sensation that accompanies the onset of a cold sore is another instance of paresthesia.
Causes: Medication
Paresthesia can be caused by certain medications, such as specific anticonvulsants and chemotherapy drugs. The use of strong intravenous medications like opioids and narcotics, especially when used recreationally, can also lead to this sensation. Additionally, paresthesia can occur as a withdrawal symptom, particularly in individuals who are withdrawing from benzodiazepines. This class of drugs is commonly prescribed to help manage anxiety, panic disorder, and insomnia. Furthermore, exposure to certain toxins, including mercury, radiation, and certain insecticides, can also result in paresthesia.