Types of Strabismus in Children
Strabismus, a condition characterized by misaligned eyes, can manifest in different ways in children. Here are some common types:
1. Infantile Esotropia
Infantile esotropia is typically observed in children under the age of two. Babies with this condition often have difficulty focusing, causing their eyes to drift inward. Certain children may be more predisposed to developing this type of strabismus.
2. Accommodative Esotropia
Accommodative esotropia is more commonly seen in children aged two and above. In this type, the affected eye turns inward when the child focuses on objects, especially when they are very close. It is important for parents to be watchful for any signs of this condition.
3. Extropia
Extropia refers to an outward turning of one eye, which occurs when the child is focusing on objects at a distance. Parents may notice that their child’s eyes tend to drift more when they are daydreaming, feeling unwell, or tired. Additionally, children with extropia might squint more in bright sunlight and have difficulty focusing in bright light conditions.
Understanding the different types of strabismus can help parents recognize the signs and seek appropriate treatment for their child.
Risk factors associated with childhood strabismus
While the exact cause of strabismus remains unknown, several factors can increase the likelihood of its development. Strabismus tends to affect younger children more frequently, as the six muscles responsible for controlling the eye are not yet fully developed. Moreover, certain pre-existing conditions such as cerebral palsy, Down syndrome, hydrocephalus, brain tumors, and premature birth are associated with a higher risk of developing strabismus. During early childhood, children acquire muscle control over their eyes, and those with medical conditions impacting muscle development may experience a decline in their ability to achieve proper motor skills in the eye.