Managing a Conjoined Twin Pregnancy
Managing a conjoined twin pregnancy is a challenging task that involves various risks and complications. It requires the expertise of a team of medical professionals, including a maternal-fetal medicine specialist. To ensure the best possible outcome, it is crucial to educate the patient about the pregnancy, birth, and potential outcomes, allowing the family to prepare for the journey ahead.
Due to the complexity of conjoined twins, a vaginal delivery may not be feasible. As a result, a cesarean section is typically scheduled for approximately one week before the anticipated due date. This procedure takes place in a hospital equipped to handle the unique needs of the twins immediately after birth.
Types of Conjoined Twins: Thoracopagus and Omphalopagus
Conjoined twins are a rare phenomenon, and thoracopagus and omphalopagus are the two most commonly observed types. In fact, these two types account for approximately 75 percent of all reported cases, with thoracopagus being the most prevalent.
Thoracopagus conjoined twins are characterized by their shared sternum, upper abdominal wall, and diaphragm. Unfortunately, if these twins also share a heart, their chances of survival are extremely low.
On the other hand, omphalopagus conjoined twins have a less complicated connection. They share an abdominal wall that extends from the bottom of the sternum to the belly button. In most cases, their upper gastrointestinal tracts are separate, although they may share a portion of their livers.