Circulation Problems
Effects of Consistently High Blood Sugar Levels on Circulation
Consistently high blood sugar levels in individuals with diabetes can lead to circulation problems by causing damage to the arteries, capillaries, and veins. The arteries in the legs, particularly in the knees and calves, are often affected by diabetes. The restricted blood flow to the feet due to this arterial damage results in a lack of oxygen supply to the tissues, causing severe pain. Some individuals with diabetes describe this pain as a sensation of their feet being “strangled.” Additionally, as blood flow slows down, the veins in the feet may become swollen and tender to touch. In some cases, the impaired circulation can even lead to the development of ulcers, which can further result in infections.
Infections
Diabetes can increase the risk of infections in individuals due to the various medical and nutritional changes that occur in their bodies. Those with ulcers, irritation, or injuries on their feet are particularly vulnerable to bacterial infections. Since many people with diabetes also experience peripheral neuropathy, they may not be aware of any injuries or ulcers on their feet. As a result, bacterial infections can start on the skin as cellulitis and eventually spread to the bone. Interestingly, even if a person with diabetes complains of foot numbness, they can still feel the pain caused by an infection.