Complication: Liver Cancer
People diagnosed with Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Deficiency (A1AD) have a higher likelihood of developing liver cancer, specifically hepatocellular carcinoma. This is mainly due to the fact that A1AD is primarily found in individuals with chronic liver disease and cirrhosis, conditions that those with A1AD are more prone to experiencing. Common symptoms of hepatocellular carcinoma include abdominal pain or tenderness, an enlarged abdomen, unexplained weight loss, increased susceptibility to bruising or bleeding, and, once again, jaundice.
Complication: Panniculitis – A Skin Disease
In some rare instances, people who suffer from alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency may experience a skin condition known as panniculitis. This condition is characterized by inflammation in the subcutaneous adipose tissue, which is the fatty layer of tissue beneath the skin. Panniculitis can cause various symptoms, including the formation of hardened patches or bumps on the skin, particularly in the legs and feet. Other symptoms may include fatigue, unexplained weight loss, joint and muscle pain, and nausea.