Gilbert’s disease, alternatively referred to as Gilbert’s syndrome, is a prevalent liver condition recognized as constitutional hepatic dysfunction or familial non-hemolytic jaundice. This disorder impairs the liver’s ability to effectively process bilirubin, an orange-yellow pigment generated during the breakdown of red blood cells. Ordinarily, the liver breaks down bilirubin to facilitate its elimination from the body through feces.
Symptoms of Gilbert’s Disease
One characteristic of Gilbert’s disease is that it often does not present any noticeable symptoms. Consequently, individuals with this condition may go undiagnosed for many years. However, when bilirubin levels in the blood rise, people with Gilbert’s syndrome may observe a subtle yellowish tint in their skin or eyes. In some cases, they may also experience mild abdominal discomfort. It is important to note that specific factors such as menstruation, common illnesses, and dehydration can contribute to elevated bilirubin levels in individuals with Gilbert’s syndrome.
Causes of Gilbert’s Disease
Gilbert’s disease is caused by an inherited gene mutation. The gene responsible for producing an enzyme that aids in the breakdown of bilirubin is affected in individuals with this condition. However, those with a faulty gene do not produce enough of this enzyme. Interestingly, many individuals carry the altered gene but do not experience any symptoms of Gilbert’s disease. Typically, for a child to develop this condition, both parents must have the gene.