Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a severe and potentially fatal condition characterized by the inability of the lungs to provide sufficient oxygen to the body. This occurs when the air sacs, called alveoli, become filled with fluid. While ARDS can affect anyone, it is more commonly observed in individuals with pre-existing health issues that contribute to respiratory complications. Although frequently seen in individuals who have been hospitalized, ARDS can also develop in those who have not been previously admitted.
Symptoms of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) presents various symptoms that depend on its underlying cause. One common symptom experienced by most ARDS patients is severe shortness of breath, often accompanied by rapid or shallow breathing. Some individuals may even struggle to breathe altogether. Due to the decreased levels of oxygen in the blood, ARDS can lead to sleepiness, confusion, and disorientation. Additionally, ARDS can cause abnormally low blood pressure, resulting in feelings of dizziness or faintness.
Common Causes of ARDS
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) occurs when fluid leaks from the surrounding blood vessels into the alveoli. Normally, a protective membrane inside the blood vessels prevents this leakage. However, in certain circumstances, such as severe illness or injury, this membrane can malfunction, leading to the development of ARDS. The most common causes of this condition include severe infections like pneumonia or influenza, as well as blood poisoning and inhalation of substances such as vomit or chemicals into the lungs. Additionally, ARDS can be triggered by severe chest trauma or acute pancreatitis, which is the sudden inflammation of the pancreas.