Varus deformity is a condition characterized by the outward turning of an individual’s leg at or below the knee. This term, which is commonly used today, was not always the case. In fact, during the mid-1800s, people with this condition were referred to as “bowlegged.” However, even in ancient Greece, there were references to individuals with “curved” legs, as described in texts based on the teachings of Hippocrates.
While varus deformity is considered a normal occurrence in babies and young children, it can indicate an underlying health issue in older children and adults.
Understanding Early Bowlegs
During the gestation period, a baby’s body folds to accommodate the limited space within the mother’s womb. As a result, when the baby is born, their legs appear bent, with the knees facing outward. The bones of babies in the womb are relatively softer, allowing for easier passage through the birth canal and enabling their bodies to adapt to the confined environment. Fortunately, in most cases, this condition, known as bowed legs, corrects itself by the age of three.
Until the age of two, bowed legs are referred to as physiologic genu varum in medical terms. It’s important to note that bone development continues well into adulthood, with bone-related issues potentially arising due to genetic factors or traumatic incidents. These concerns can persist until the individual reaches their thirties.
Varus Deformity in Children
When a child’s legs have not straightened by the age of three, there may be other underlying issues to consider. A physician will typically check for conditions such as Blount’s disease or perform tests to determine if there are any vitamin deficiencies present. One common condition that may cause leg deformity is known as varus deformity.
A varus deformity is most noticeable when a child stands or walks. In this condition, the toes tend to turn inward, causing the child to experience discomfort in the hip, knee, or ankle. The added stress on the joints in other parts of the leg due to the deformity can lead to pain and discomfort. It is also important to note that excess weight can exacerbate the effects of bowed legs, especially if the condition persists into adolescence.