Folic Acid vs. Folate
The Differences Between Folic Acid and Folate
It may come as a surprise, but excessive intake of folic acid can actually disrupt folate metabolism. Folic acid, a synthetic form of the vitamin, needs to be converted into folate in the digestive system in order to be effectively utilized by the body. However, when there is an excess of folic acid that cannot be converted, some of it may enter the bloodstream without being altered. This can lead to elevated levels of folic acid in the circulatory system, which in turn may hinder the absorption of folate into cells.
MTHFR Gene Mutations and Their Impact on Pregnancy
The MTHFR gene plays a crucial role in regulating an enzyme that is involved in folate metabolism within the body. However, certain individuals may have mutated variants of this gene, referred to as single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). These SNP mutations can significantly affect the conversion of folic acid into its active form, folate, resulting in decreased efficiency.
For pregnant women who carry the MTHFR mutation, it is often recommended that they take folic acid supplements to ensure adequate folate levels. However, due to the mutation, these women may experience elevated levels of folic acid in their bloodstream. This excess folic acid can interfere with the breakdown of homocysteine, a compound that, when present in high levels, raises the risk of blood clots and potential miscarriage, particularly in the first trimester.