Treatment
African Sleeping Sickness poses a challenge when it comes to treatment, with the complexity of the disease further compounded by the toxicity and administration of medication. Currently, there are approximately five confirmed medicines available to treat this infection. However, it is important to note that two of these medications can only be administered during the initial stage of the disease.
For the second stage of African Sleeping Sickness caused by the gambiense strain, an effective treatment involves the use of a nitrofuran-active antibiotic in combination with a hydrochloride cream. This treatment method has shown positive results.
In more advanced stages of the disease, a trivalent arsenic drug is considered as a last resort. This particular drug is exclusively effective during the advanced stage of the disease.
Despite the complexity of treatment options, it is reassuring to note that an average of 95 percent of diagnosed individuals are successfully cured. However, it is important to consider that the actual cure rate may vary depending on factors such as the timing of treatment initiation and the specific medications used.
Prevention
Preventing human African trypanosomiasis is crucial as there is currently no vaccine available. Both locals and travelers can take certain precautions to reduce the risk of contracting the disease. It is advised to avoid venturing into bushes during the day as this may disturb the tsetse fly, prompting it to bite. Additionally, it is recommended to refrain from wearing brightly colored clothing, as these colors attract the flies. To protect the skin, individuals can use repellents that contain lemon eucalyptus oil or other active ingredients. For added protection, it is also advisable to wear clothing that has been treated with repellent.