Understanding Streptococcal Toxic Shock Syndrome
Streptococcal toxic shock syndrome (STSS) is a severe condition that was commonly associated with the use of highly absorbent tampons by menstruating women. However, with the removal of these tampons from the market, experts now focus on cases arising from soft tissue infections, post-surgical infections, and burns. Group A strep is a common cause of STSS, usually resulting from cellulitis or necrotizing fasciitis.
STSS symptoms develop rapidly and often include a rash, fever, and low blood pressure. However, these symptoms may be preceded by a headache, sore throat, nausea, or vomiting. Due to the seriousness of the condition, patients with STSS require immediate admission to an intensive care unit for proper medical management. It is important to note that when STSS is caused by group A strep, the fatality rate can exceed 50 percent.
Rheumatic Fever
Rheumatic fever can develop if strep throat or scarlet fever is not treated properly. This is an inflammatory disease that primarily affects children between the ages of five and 15. Although the exact connection between strep and rheumatic fever is not yet known, it is believed that group A strep deceives the body into attacking its own tissues. As a result, inflammation occurs in the heart, skin, joints, and central nervous system. Symptoms of rheumatic fever typically manifest two to four weeks after an episode of strep throat. The most serious consequence of rheumatic fever is its potential to cause damage to the heart valves, which can ultimately result in heart failure.