Bacterial or Fungal Nasopharyngitis
Sinusitis or infection of the sinuses can be caused by several bacteria. The symptoms of bacterial nasopharyngitis are similar to viral nasopharyngitis, but the former results in thicker and more frequent nasal drip. Bacterial nasopharyngitis is most common in children due to their underdeveloped middle ear structure. In children, the distance between the throat, middle ear, and other structures in the face and neck is much shorter compared to adults. This shorter distance makes it easier for bacteria to travel and cause inner ear infections that can spread to the sinuses. On the other hand, fungal infections generally originate in the sinuses, but they pose a risk only to children and adults with compromised immune systems.
Risk Factors for Viral Nasopharyngitis
Viral nasopharyngitis, commonly known as the common cold, can affect individuals of all ages. While children and babies are the most susceptible to these viral illnesses, even adults experience an average of three to six colds per year. Amongst children, those attending school are at the highest risk due to their close contact with others on a daily basis. Similarly, teachers and other school employees are at a heightened risk compared to other adults. Additionally, any situation that involves a large gathering of people, such as public transit or office environments, increases the likelihood of catching or spreading the infection.