A pacemaker is a medical device that is used to regulate heart rhythms and treat symptoms of arrhythmia, which refers to irregular heartbeats. Implanted under the skin, pacemakers are designed to prevent or eliminate problems caused by bradycardia, which is a slow heart rate. However, individuals with pacemakers have a responsibility to ensure the proper functioning of their implanted device by regularly checking it, following their doctor’s instructions, and taking necessary precautions.
In most cases, the batteries in pacemakers do not require replacement until around 7 to 10 years after implantation. At that point, doctors can perform a procedure to replace the pacemaker’s generator, ensuring continued effectiveness.
Understanding the Functioning of Pacemakers
Pacemakers play a crucial role in assisting the heart in regulating the timing and sequence of its beats, rather than replacing its natural function within the body. Comprising a generator, a small computer equipped with a battery and other electronic components, as well as leads or electrodes, pacemakers facilitate the transmission of electronic signals between the device and the heart. During the implantation procedure, the surgeon places the pacemaker beneath the skin beneath the collarbone and inserts the leads through a nearby vein, ensuring a direct connection to the heart. The opposite ends of the leads are then connected to the generator, allowing for convenient monitoring and programming. It is worth noting that smaller, leadless pacemakers have also become available in the United States.
What to Expect After Pacemaker Implantation and How Long It Lasts
Pacemaker implantation surgery is a minimally invasive procedure that requires a relatively short recovery period. After the surgery, patients may experience pain at the incision site for a few days and are advised to engage in only light activities for a couple of weeks. It is crucial for individuals to be vigilant for any signs of infection immediately following the procedure, such as swelling, increased pain, redness, or bleeding.
At home, patients with pacemakers can perform regular checks to ensure that the battery is functioning optimally. Most patients are provided with a special wireless device that schedules follow-up appointments once or twice a year. When the pacemaker battery starts to run low, doctors can replace the pacemaker generators using local anesthesia.