Symptoms of Lung Hyperinflation
Lung hyperinflation can cause a variety of uncomfortable and distressing symptoms. These symptoms include shortness of breath, chest tightness, and abnormal breathing patterns such as heavy, rapid, or shallow breathing. People experiencing lung hyperinflation often describe a constant and unsatisfied need for air, which is commonly known as “air hunger.” The physical symptoms associated with hyperinflation can also lead to emotional distress, anxiety, or panic. In some cases, respiratory distress may occur, further exacerbating the physical symptoms. Additionally, long-term hyperinflation can cause observable changes in the chest walls, diaphragm shape, and lung muscle fibers.
Causes of Lung Hyperinflation
Lung hyperinflation occurs as a result of various breathing disorders, which bring about both physical and functional alterations in the windpipe, bronchial tubes, and lungs. The damage to airway tissue, muscles, and blood vessels often leads to difficulties in completely emptying the lungs. Additionally, inflammation and swelling can cause permanent changes to the shape of the airway, obstructing the normal flow of air. Some factors that contribute to the risk of hyperinflation include the excessive production of mucus in individuals with cystic fibrosis and frequent asthmatic bronchoconstriction. However, the condition is most commonly associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or COPD.