Diagnosis
When a doctor detects anything unusual during a screening, additional tests are necessary to confirm a diagnosis. One common method is the use of an ultrasound, which enables the doctor to examine the prostate for the presence of tumors. In some cases, an MRI may be recommended to obtain a more detailed image and determine the appropriate course of action.
If a potential problem is suspected, a biopsy is usually performed. This involves the insertion of a thin needle into the prostate to collect a small tissue sample. The collected sample is then sent to a laboratory for further analysis to determine the presence of cancer.
When is Treatment Necessary for Prostate Cancer?
Prostate cancer does not always require immediate treatment. When the cancer grows slowly, doctors may opt for a watchful approach, monitoring for the appearance of symptoms. This strategy, known as active surveillance, involves closely observing PSA tests and conducting regular biopsies. Treatment is only initiated if the cancer progresses or begins to cause symptoms. Alternatively, doctors may choose to forego tests altogether and treat symptoms as they arise. This method, referred to as watchful waiting, is typically recommended for older patients with a life expectancy of less than ten years.