Diagnosis Methods for TOS
The diagnosis of TOS is a matter of debate within the medical community due to the similarity of its symptoms to those of other conditions and disorders. Physicians typically employ a process of elimination to reach a diagnosis. Initially, they will gather the individual’s medical history. To assess any movement issues, stress maneuver testing is performed in an attempt to reproduce the reported symptoms. Additionally, physicians may conduct further investigations such as ultrasound, MRI, or chest X-ray. In cases where neurogenic TOS is suspected, a brachial plexus block may be administered by injecting a local anesthetic into the neck muscles. If the pain subsides, it is likely that the individual is indeed experiencing TOS.
Treatment
When it comes to treating neurogenic thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS), physical therapy is the primary approach. The main objective of this treatment is to assist individuals in regaining their range of motion, improving their posture, and strengthening their muscles. In cases where pain persists, physicians typically suggest over-the-counter pain medications before considering prescription drugs like muscle relaxants. However, if physical therapy fails to produce desired results, surgery may be necessary to address neurogenic TOS.
For venous TOS, doctors usually prescribe blood thinners. In some instances, surgery may be required to correct vein narrowing and compression. On the other hand, arterial TOS generally calls for surgery to remove the neck rib and address any underlying structural issues affecting the artery.