Understanding the DSM-5 Criteria for Reactive Attachment Disorder
Reactive attachment disorder (RAD) is a condition that is defined by specific diagnostic criteria outlined in the DSM-5. To qualify for a diagnosis of RAD, a child must exhibit a consistent and enduring pattern of emotional withdrawal, showing little to no inclination to seek comfort from others when they are distressed. In addition, they may display episodes of fear, sadness, or irritability that are disproportionate to what would be considered a typical reaction to stressful situations. Furthermore, social withdrawal is a common behavior observed in children with RAD.
Symptoms of Reactive Attachment Disorder
Reactive attachment disorder (RAD) can present itself through various symptoms. In children with RAD, it is common to observe a lack of normal emotional response during interactions with others. They may not experience or express emotions such as guilt, remorse, or regret. These children often avoid making eye contact and display disobedience that surpasses what is typical for their age group.
Another symptom of RAD is the display of inappropriate levels of affection towards strangers. Paradoxically, these children may show no affection towards their primary caretakers or even fear them.