Fever Mechanisms
Fever can be triggered by several mechanisms. One such mechanism involves the response of cytokines, which are immune system cells, to pathogens. When these cytokines are activated, the body temperature increases. Another way fever can occur is when the outer membrane of bacteria is damaged, resulting in the release of toxins into the body. In response to this toxic spill, the hypothalamus, a part of the brain, raises the body’s temperature as a protective measure. Lastly, the body may experience a rise in temperature when it detects an infection, leading to the production of macrophages and natural antibodies by the immune system.
Understanding Whooping Cough in Toddlers
Toddlers can experience fever due to various reasons, one of which is whooping cough, a highly contagious upper respiratory infection. The transmission of this infection occurs through droplets expelled during continuous coughing and sneezing. Initially, whooping cough may present with mild symptoms such as a low-grade fever and runny nose. However, once it takes hold, the infection can persist for weeks.
Infants and toddlers often bear the brunt of whooping cough more severely than other age groups. This is because the persistent coughing makes it difficult for them to eat, and in some cases, it may even lead to apnea. To combat this infection, most children receive a vaccine for whooping cough.