Changes During the Second Trimester: Weeks 13 Through 27
As the second trimester progresses, many of the discomforts experienced in the first trimester start to subside. During this period, which spans from weeks 13 to 27, the mother’s uterus expands to accommodate the growing fetus, resulting in a visible baby bump. Weight gain is typical during this phase, as the baby grows and the mother’s blood and fluid volumes increase. Along with these changes, the mother may also experience body aches and some swelling in her feet, ankles, and hands. Additionally, stretch marks may start to appear on the stomach, buttocks, and breasts. Some women may feel lightheaded as the growing uterus puts pressure on blood vessels, leading to a drop in blood pressure. Furthermore, it is not uncommon for Braxton Hicks contractions, which are mild contractions that feel like a tightening sensation in the abdomen, to begin during the second trimester.
Fetal Development during the Second Trimester
During the fourth, fifth, and sixth months of pregnancy, significant developments occur in the fetus. At this stage, the fetus has already developed functioning organs, nerves, and muscles. Although the bones are hardening, the skin remains transparent and thin. As early as 14 weeks, doctors may be able to determine the baby’s gender. Additionally, the spleen starts producing red blood cells at this point.
As the second trimester progresses, the baby becomes more active and begins to move around. Fingerprints and footprints start to form during this time. By week 25, the fetus can even respond to familiar voices. Furthermore, lung development takes place towards the end of the second trimester, setting the stage for proper breathing after birth. In terms of weight, the fetus reaches approximately two pounds by week 27.