Leishmaniasis: Global Distribution
Leishmaniasis, a parasitic disease transmitted by sand flies, is predominantly found in specific regions of the world. The disease is more prevalent in the Eastern Hemisphere, particularly in the Middle East, Africa, Southern Europe, and Asia. In the Western Hemisphere, Central America, South America, and Mexico report the highest number of cases.
Leishmaniasis has a global presence, occurring in over 90 countries worldwide. However, it is considered rare in the United States. In the U.S., the most common cause of infection is attributed to individuals traveling to areas where the parasite is widely spread.
How Do People Contract Parasites?
The main way individuals become infected with the Leishmania parasite is through the bite of a phlebotomine sand fly that is carrying the parasite. These sand flies are much smaller than mosquitoes, making them difficult to notice when outdoors. In fact, many people may not even realize they have been bitten, as the bites can be painless in some instances.