Risks and Transmission
Trachoma is a highly contagious eye infection that can be transmitted through various means. The primary mode of transmission is through contact with infected fluids such as eye mucus, as well as unwashed fabrics, surfaces, and skin. Additionally, trachoma can be spread by flies that come in contact with both infected and uninfected individuals.
Although anyone can contract this infection, certain groups are particularly vulnerable. Reports indicate that women and children between the ages of four and six face a higher risk of trachoma. Children, in particular, are more susceptible due to their carefree interactions and the lack of proper sanitation in certain areas. Women, on the other hand, are more prone to trachoma due to their regular and close interactions with children.
Understanding Trachomatous Inflammation
Trachoma infection is characterized by different stages. Trachomatous inflammation manifests in two distinct types, both of which impact the tarsal conjunctiva – the inner surface of the eyelid. In a healthy state, an eyelid appears smooth, pinkish, and free from any abnormalities. However, when follicular inflammation occurs, small bumps known as follicles become visible on the upper tarsal conjunctiva. This is accompanied by noticeable redness in the affected area. On the other hand, intense inflammation involves the thickening of the tarsal conjunctiva, resulting in more than half of the deep tarsal veins becoming less visible.