Pulmonary Arterial Tree
The pulmonary arterial tree consists of arteries that divide into lobar and segmental branches. In the right lung, there are three lobes which are further divided into ten segments. On the other hand, the left lung is divided into eight segments. The right pulmonary artery branches out into the truncus anterior and the interlobar artery. The truncus anterior supplies the upper lobe of the right lung, while the interlobar artery supplies the middle and lower lobes. The left artery has a variable number of branches, including the apicoposterior segment in the upper lobe, as well as the lingula and other lower-lobe segments.
Understanding Pulmonary Artery Pressure
When it comes to assessing arterial pressure, medical professionals rely on a technique called pulmonary artery catheterization (PAC). This involves the insertion of a catheter to measure the pressure in both the right and left atriums, as well as the pulmonary artery. By utilizing this procedure, doctors can effectively monitor the effects of drug therapy and diagnose various medical conditions.
It’s important to note that the pressure in the pulmonary arteries is significantly lower than systemic blood pressure. Under normal circumstances, the pressure in the main artery rests between 9 and 20 mmHg, with a slight increase during physical activity.