Hemifacial spasms refer to a neuromuscular disorder characterized by involuntary spasms of the facial muscles on one side of the face. These spasms or tics predominantly occur on the left side and can persist throughout the day, even during sleep. This condition affects an estimated 11 out of every 100,000 individuals.
Both men and women can develop hemifacial spasms, but studies show that women in middle age and older are twice as likely to experience them. Additionally, individuals of Asian descent have a slightly higher predisposition to this condition.
Symptoms of Hemifacial Spasm
When it comes to hemifacial spasm, the initial indication often manifests as twitching in the muscles of the left eyelid. These spasms can be so intense that they lead to tear production and force the affected eye to close. Typically, the spasms occur exclusively on one side of the face, although in certain cases, individuals may experience them symmetrically. Hemifacial spasm symptoms typically emerge between the ages of 40 and 50.
Long-Term Effects of Untreated Hemifacial Spasms
When left untreated, hemifacial spasms can worsen in intensity and begin to impact additional facial muscles. The spasms may become larger and extend from the eye all the way down to the chin. If the tics affect the muscles around the mouth, they can cause the mouth to be pulled to one side. Over time, all the muscles on the affected side of the face may develop a permanent frown.
Aside from facial muscle issues, there are other long-term effects associated with untreated hemifacial spasms. Individuals with this condition may experience clicking sounds in the ear, changes in their hearing, and even hearing loss.