Somatic Symptom Disorder: Understanding the Shift from Hypochondria
When the DSM-5 was released, individuals previously diagnosed with hypochondria witnessed a significant change in their diagnosis. The majority of these diagnoses were reclassified under somatic symptom disorder (SSD). This new classification encompasses a range of symptoms, including fatigue and varying degrees of pain, from mild to severe. The impact of SSD can extend beyond physical discomfort, affecting personal and professional aspects of an individual’s life. Symptoms flare-ups may interfere with maintaining employment, leaving those with SSD feeling isolated and unsupported.
Understanding Health Anxiety Disorder
Health anxiety disorder (HAD), also known as hypochondria, is characterized by an excessive fear of physical illness. Individuals with HAD may regularly believe that common, minor symptoms indicate the presence of rare diseases. In fact, around 25% of hypochondria diagnoses have been revised to health anxiety disorder diagnoses.
Unlike somatic symptom disorder (SSD), which focuses primarily on physical symptoms, individuals with HAD are more concerned about the possibility of contracting or developing a severe medical condition. It is worth noting that HAD is more commonly observed in women.
People with HAD may engage in excessive behavior, such as frequently inspecting their bodies for signs of illness, like breast lumps or skin cancer. This constant vigilance often goes beyond what is necessary and can lead to heightened anxiety. Interestingly, some individuals with HAD may even avoid seeking medical attention altogether due to their overwhelming fears.