Complications of Acromegaly
As acromegaly progresses, it can give rise to a range of serious health complications. These complications may include high blood pressure (hypertension), goiter, osteoarthritis, carpal tunnel syndrome, diabetes mellitus, vision impairment, sleep apnea, and spinal cord compression. Additionally, individuals with acromegaly may develop polyps, which are precancerous growths, on the lining of their colon, and they may also be at risk for heart disease. However, it is important to note that early treatment of acromegaly can help prevent complications or mitigate their severity. Without proper treatment, acromegaly may even lead to premature death.
Causes of Acromegaly: Pituitary Tumors
Acromegaly, a condition characterized by excessive growth of body tissues, is primarily caused by pituitary tumors. These tumors, known as pituitary adenomas, are usually benign and produce an excessive amount of growth hormone. In fact, they are responsible for more than 95% of acromegaly cases. Typically, these growth hormone-secreting pituitary tumors are larger than one centimeter in size.
The growth rate of the adenoma and the level of excess growth hormone produced can vary from person to person. Generally, younger individuals tend to have more aggressive adenomas. It is important to note that most pituitary adenomas occur spontaneously and are not genetically inherited.