Heart Defects in DiGeorge Syndrome
Heart defects are a frequent occurrence in individuals with DiGeorge syndrome, although the specific types of defects can vary. One common defect is the presence of a hole between the lower chambers of the heart, known as a ventricular septal defect. Another common manifestation is having only one main vessel leading out of the heart instead of the usual two, a condition called truncus arteriosus. Additionally, some infants with DiGeorge syndrome may develop a complex condition characterized by four separate cardiac defects, known as tetralogy of Fallot. Symptoms of these defects can include a heart murmur and bluish skin resulting from inadequate oxygen circulation.
Hypoparathyroidism
Hypoparathyroidism is a condition that can occur in individuals with DiGeorge syndrome, where the parathyroid glands are smaller than normal. These glands play a crucial role in regulating calcium levels in the blood. When the parathyroid glands are affected, it can lead to hypocalcemia or low calcium levels, accompanied by increased phosphorus levels. One common manifestation of this condition is the occurrence of seizures or convulsions. However, in some cases of DiGeorge syndrome, the parathyroid problems may only be noticeable during periods of heightened stress. It is worth noting that the severity of these parathyroid issues can also diminish over time.