Emphysema is a type of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) that affects the lungs. This condition is characterized by stretched and damaged lungs, leading to breathing difficulties and a persistent cough. The primary cause of emphysema, as stated by the CDC, is smoking. However, it can also be influenced by genetic factors. In 2016, over 3.5 million Americans received an emphysema diagnosis, and sadly, 7,455 individuals lost their lives to this disease. Despite its significant impact, emphysema remains widely misunderstood, making it a silent killer that demands greater awareness.
Smoking: The Primary Cause of Emphysema
While there is a genetic component to emphysema, smoking is the leading culprit responsible for the majority of diagnosed cases in 2016. It is crucial to acknowledge that, even if the condition has a genetic basis, smoking exacerbates it, and quitting cigarettes can significantly reduce the risk for anyone.
Symptoms of Emphysema
Emphysema typically begins with early symptoms like shortness of breath and a chronic cough. These symptoms, however, can be associated with various medical conditions, ranging from minor to severe. Therefore, it is crucial to consult a physician for a comprehensive diagnosis if these symptoms arise. As emphysema progresses, additional symptoms may include weight loss, reduced appetite, fatigue, wheezing, lung infections, depression, anxiety, and difficulty sleeping.