Understanding Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia
Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia (AIHA) is a condition where the body produces substances that actively destroy red blood cells and the hemoglobin within them. This condition is also characterized by the presence of antibodies created by white blood cells that attach themselves to the surface of red blood cells. While these antibodies are designed to coat infectious germs and pathogens, the immune system mistakenly identifies them as foreign and harmful to the body, leading to an attack on the red blood cells.
AIHA is often linked to several other medical conditions, including rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, thyroid disease, chronic kidney disease, and immune system cancers. It can also be triggered by respiratory viruses.
Understanding Hemoglobin Electrophoresis
Hemoglobin electrophoresis, also known as a sickle cell screen or a hemoglobin evaluation, is a blood test that measures the different types of hemoglobin present in red blood cells. This test is mandatory for all newborns as per legal requirements. Additionally, adults who exhibit symptoms of a blood disorder, have a child with a blood disorder, or have abnormal results from other blood tests should also undergo this test. Individuals who have undergone a blood transfusion or have been diagnosed with sickle cell disease are typically recommended to have a hemoglobin electrophoresis performed.