Understanding Second Order Horner’s Syndrome
Second order Horner’s syndrome, also known as preganglionic Horner’s syndrome, occurs when the nerves that travel from the chest to the apex of the lungs and follow the carotid artery in the neck suffer damage. This type of damage typically arises due to neck or chest trauma caused by accidents or surgical procedures.
Understanding Third Order Horner’s Syndrome
Third order Horner’s syndrome, also known as postganglionic Horner’s syndrome, occurs when there is damage or obstruction to the nerve pathway that extends from the neck to the middle ear and eye. This condition can be caused by various factors such as trauma, extensive neck surgery, tumors at the base of the skull, certain diseases, carotid artery surgery, or blockage of the blood vessels.