Iliotibial Band Syndrome (ITBS) refers to the discomfort experienced in the outer knee due to overuse of the iliotibial band. The iliotibial band is a crucial stabilizing structure that supports the major joints of the hip and knee. It originates from the pelvis and extends down the side of the leg, ending at the top of the tibia. This condition is commonly associated with runners and cyclists, as the repetitive motions involved in these activities can lead to the development of ITBS. Consequently, medical professionals often refer to ITBS as “runner’s knee.”
Understanding the Physiology of Knee Movement
When it comes to knee movement, our bodies perform flexion and extension of the knee joint multiple times throughout the day. However, this repetitive motion can have an impact on a specific area known as the femoral epicondyle, where the femur meets the knee. To facilitate this movement, the iliotibial band passes along this bony section. To prevent friction and provide cushioning, a fluid-filled sac, called a bursa, is present in this region. Unfortunately, continuous rubbing and pressure on this bursa can lead to inflammation, resulting in tenderness.
Causes
Exercise is the primary factor behind iliotibial band syndrome. Although runners and cyclists are particularly susceptible to this condition, it can also impact other athletes. Engaging in any form of exercise that involves repetitive knee movements can lead to IT band syndrome. Weight lifters who frequently perform squats and rowers are also at a higher risk of developing this condition.