Spasmodic dysphonia is an uncommon neurological disorder that impacts an individual’s ability to speak clearly. Speech involves the process of expelling air from the lungs, which then passes through the vocal cords located in the throat. As the vocal cords vibrate, the resulting sounds are shaped by the movement of the lips and tongue, forming words. However, individuals with spasmodic dysphonia experience involuntary spasms in the muscles of their voice box, known as the larynx, which disrupts their ability to generate normal speech. The severity of this condition can vary among individuals and may potentially worsen over time.
Causes of Spasmodic Dysphonia
The exact cause of spasmodic dysphonia remains a mystery to experts. However, it is believed to be primarily caused by abnormalities in the brain, specifically in an area known as the basal ganglia. This deep-seated region of the brain seems to play a significant role in the development of the condition. In certain instances, spasmodic dysphonia can also have a genetic component, where a parent passes it on to their child.
In the past, medical professionals mistakenly believed that the condition was solely psychological, especially when the affected individual’s voice appeared normal. However, it is crucial to note that this psychological explanation is exceptionally rare as a cause for spasmodic dysphonia.
Symptoms of Spasmodic Dysphonia
Spasmodic dysphonia, a chronic condition, is characterized by “breaks” in the voice. While some individuals may experience these breaks only occasionally in mild cases, others may have frequent breaks, occurring every other word. This can significantly impair speech clarity and make it difficult for others to understand. Unfortunately, individuals with spasmodic dysphonia typically experience lifelong symptoms, with speech problems gradually worsening over time.