VUR Grade
Vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) is a condition that doctors grade on a scale of 1 through 5. This grading system helps determine the severity of the reflux.
Grade 1 reflux is the mildest form, where the urine flows back only to the ureter. Grade 2 reflux extends to the ureter and renal pelvis, but there is no swelling.
Grade 3 reflux causes mild swelling in the ureter and renal pelvis. As the severity progresses, grade 4 reflux leads to moderate swelling.
The most severe form is grade 5 reflux, which results in severe hydronephrosis or kidney swelling. Additionally, it causes the ureter to twist out of its original shape and position.
By grading VUR, doctors can effectively diagnose and develop appropriate treatment plans for patients.
Kidney Damage
When left untreated, reflux grades 4 and 5 can lead to kidney damage and the development of scar tissue, also known as renal scarring. In cases where children already have renal scarring or a history of multiple urinary tract infections, doctors may consider surgery shortly after diagnosis. It is crucial to address kidney infections promptly to prevent permanent damage. Some common symptoms of kidney infection include a high fever, moderate to severe pain in the abdomen and lower back, nausea and vomiting, a general feeling of discomfort or exhaustion, as well as sharp pain or intense burning during urination.