Mouth Problems and Difficulties with Eating
One of the effects of HIV is the development of various issues in the mouth and digestive system. During the initial acute stages of HIV, it is not uncommon to experience nausea and vomiting. Loss of appetite and gastrointestinal problems can occur at any stage of the disease, and may also indicate additional complications with organs such as the kidneys. Eating becomes challenging due to tongue inflammation, lesions, and mouth ulcers, which can lead to weight loss. The second most prevalent symptom related to HIV is esophageal problems, including fungal infections like Candida.
The Link Between Hypertension and Heart Problems
Correlations have been found between HIV and a higher incidence of cardiovascular disease (CVD), with CVD accounting for approximately 20 percent of deaths in individuals with HIV. Heart attacks and strokes occur when the heart experiences a severe blockage, impeding proper blood flow and causing damage to the organ. HIV contributes to decreased levels of beneficial cholesterol and increased levels of triglycerides. The use of antiretroviral therapy (ART) may further elevate the risks associated with CVD due to its impact on blood fats. However, it is important to note that ART also helps reduce inflammation within the body, thereby mitigating the risks of CVD and playing a crucial role in managing HIV.