Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD) is a condition that affects women who experience severe symptoms of PMS (Premenstrual Syndrome). Unlike regular PMS, PMDD can have long-lasting and serious effects on a woman’s mental health. The American Psychiatric Association recognized PMDD as a distinct disorder in 2012 and included it in the fourth edition of its Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, DSM-IV. Although the exact mechanisms of PMDD are still being studied, researchers are working towards understanding its causes and developing effective treatments.
PMS vs. PMDD
When it comes to premenstrual symptoms, PMS and PMDD are two conditions that women may experience. These symptoms typically arise between five and ten days before the start of menstrual flow. While both PMS and PMDD share common symptoms like tiredness, irritability, and increased appetite, there are important distinctions between the two.
PMDD, or premenstrual dysphoric disorder, stands out from PMS due to the presence of marked and chronic emotional and behavioral changes in addition to the typical PMS symptoms. Unlike PMS, PMDD symptoms may persist and worsen until menopause, whereas PMS symptoms generally subside after each monthly period and are comparatively milder.
Symptoms of Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD)
Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD) is influenced by various factors, including biology, environment, psychology, and social circumstances. This condition is characterized by a range of distressing symptoms that can greatly impact a person’s well-being. Common symptoms of PMDD include feelings of hopelessness, intense panic, and uncontrollable rage. These symptoms can severely impair interpersonal relationships and have a negative impact on an individual’s overall quality of life. Medical professionals may consider a diagnosis of PMDD if these symptoms persist for two to three menstrual cycles. It is important to note that PMDD affects less than 10% of women, regardless of their ethnicity or cultural background.