While there are millions of species of fungi, only a small fraction of them can actually cause illnesses in humans. Among the more familiar fungal infections are athlete’s foot, jock itch, and yeast infections, but the list goes on. Fungi can thrive in various environments, including the human skin and even deeper within our bodies. While some fungi species are well-documented and extensively studied, others remain rarer and necessitate further research. Each species has its own unique way of infecting humans, although the most common methods involve inhaling spores or entering through a wound.
Candida: The Overgrowth of a Common Fungus
Within the human body and on the skin, Candida is a fungus that usually coexists without causing any harm. However, there are instances when this fungus can proliferate excessively or penetrate deeper into the body, leading to an infection. Candida fungi are responsible for various infections, including the commonly known vaginal yeast infections and certain respiratory conditions. In recent times, a new strain of Candida, known as Candida auris, has been identified by experts. This multidrug-resistant type of Candida poses a significant global threat.
Aspergillus: A Common Mold Found Indoors and Outdoors
Aspergillus is a prevalent mold found in both indoor and outdoor environments across America. With over 180 species, only a fraction of them, around 40, have the potential to cause infections. While most individuals inhale Aspergillus spores without any adverse effects, those with weakened immune systems may experience allergic reactions or develop infections in their lungs or other organs.
One well-known species, Aspergillus niger, is often mistaken for the highly toxic Stachybotrys colonies due to its black appearance. However, A. niger is not as dangerous and is commonly found growing on certain types of produce. Stachybotrys, on the other hand, is associated with poor air quality and poses significant health risks.