The Function and Structure of the Parietal Bones
The human skull is composed of various bones that work together to protect the delicate brain. Among these bones are the parietal bones, which form the rear roof of the skull. Derived from the Latin word “parietalis,” meaning “of the wall,” these bones come in pairs and play a crucial role in providing mechanical protection to the top and sides of the brain.
Measuring approximately 0.5 cm in thickness, the parietal bones are incredibly strong and durable. They join together at the top of the head, forming a structure known as the sagittal suture, which runs through the center of the skull. This fusion typically occurs by the time an individual reaches 30 years of age.
The parietal bones, along with the temporal bones and other cranial structures, create a dome-like shape that encases and shields the blood vessels within the meninges. This protective barrier helps safeguard these delicate vessels from external forces and potential damage.
The Occipital Bone
Often mistaken as part of the eyes, the occipital bone actually refers to the bone that covers the back of the brain. Its name, “occipital,” is derived from the word occiput, rather than oculus. While damage to this area can result in vision loss, it is important to note that this is the only connection between the occipital bone and the eyes. In more severe cases, injuries to the cranial nerve and brain caused by trauma can lead to paralysis, coma, and even fatality.