In the 1880s, Dr. Alois Epstein, a renowned pediatrician from Prague, brought attention to the discovery of small nodules found in the mouths of newborn babies. Subsequent research conducted by numerous investigators revealed a significant prevalence of oral cysts in both fetuses and infants. Further studies by Alfred Fromm in 1967 led to the classification of these growths based on their composition and location. Today, these cysts are commonly referred to as Epstein pearls, Bohn nodules, or dental lamina cysts.
Understanding Epstein Pearls
Epstein pearls refer to small white or yellow bumps that form on the mucous membranes lining the roof of the mouth. Measuring no more than three millimeters in size, these tiny cysts are a common occurrence, with approximately 90% of newborn babies having them. These cysts are filled with keratin, a protein that is also found in our hair, nails, and the outer layer of our skin.
What Causes Epstein Pearls?
Epstein pearls occur due to the entrapment of keratin between the soft and hard palate. These cysts are most commonly found in newborns of Japanese descent, followed by Caucasians and African-Americans. Interestingly, both male and female babies are equally affected by Epstein pearls. Additionally, a study has shown a higher prevalence of these cysts in infants born to mothers with multiple children.