Tuberculosis Vaccine: An Overview
The tuberculosis vaccine is a preventive measure that is occasionally administered to individuals at risk of infection. While not universally used, this vaccine is commonly given to young children and young adults under the age of 35. However, its effectiveness diminishes significantly in older adults. The vaccine is primarily recommended for individuals residing in regions with high rates of tuberculosis infection. Additionally, it is offered to those who are planning to travel or work in countries with elevated tuberculosis infection rates, such as sub-Saharan Africa, southeast Asia, Russia, China, and South America.
Risk Factors for Contracting Pulmonary Tuberculosis
Contracting pulmonary tuberculosis is more likely for individuals who are exposed to various risk factors. These risk factors include residing in countries with high rates of TB infection, living in densely populated urban areas, having existing immune diseases such as HIV and AIDS, undergoing treatments like chemotherapy that weaken the immune system, and having poor overall health, regardless of exposure to the TB bacteria.